What type of immunity is characterized by inherited factors?

The type of immunity characterized by inherited factors is innate immunity. This form of immunity is present from birth and is made up of various physical and chemical barriers that prevent infection, as well as immune cells that respond quickly to pathogens. Innate immunity is non-specific, meaning it does not target specific pathogens but rather provides a broad defense against a variety of invaders.

Inherited factors include genetic components that influence the development and function of the immune system. For example, the presence of certain receptors on immune cells that recognize common patterns in pathogens is determined by genetic inheritance, which plays a crucial role in how effectively the body can respond to infections.

In contrast, adaptive immunity involves a learned response based on previous exposure to specific pathogens, passive immunity refers to immunity gained through the transfer of antibodies (such as breastfeeding), and acquired immunity is synonymous with adaptive immunity but focuses on the immune system's ability to remember past infections. These types of immunity rely more on experiences or transfers rather than inherited traits.